Better docs and rename transact()

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 - GNU GPL v3 license
 - Cargo metadata
+- Basic functionality
 
 ### Changed
 

src/lib.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,14 @@
+//! ## A Rusty interface for the RN2903 serial protocol
+//!
+//! The RN2903 is a LoRa and FSK transciever for the 915MHz ISM band, commonly used in USB
+//! devices like the LoStik.
+//!
+//! This crate provides a safe, idiomatic interface using cross-platform native serial
+//! functionality via `serialport`. This supports, for instance, a LoStik connected to a USB
+//! TTY or virtual COM port, or a RN2903 connected via a TTL serial interface.
+//!
+//! See the [`Rn2903` struct](struct.Rn2903.html) for the bulk of the crate's functionality.
+
 // One of the critical aspects of this library is error handling. Because it is intended
 // to communicate with an external device, any operation could discover a disconnection
 // from the RN2903 serial link, so everything which does such communication will return
@@ -7,6 +18,7 @@ extern crate quick_error;
 use std::io;
 
 quick_error! {
+    /// The primary error type used for fallible operations on the RN2903.
     #[derive(Debug)]
     pub enum Error {
         /// The connection to the RN2903 was impossible for some reason. Perhaps an
@@ -36,7 +48,7 @@ quick_error! {
 }
 
 /// Universal `Result` wrapper for the RN2903 interface.
-type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Error>;
+pub type Result<T> = std::result::Result<T, Error>;
 
 // It's first necessary to actually connect to the module. To this end, the library
 // exports all the configuration information needed to configure a serial port to
@@ -49,12 +61,27 @@ use std::ffi::OsStr;
 use std::io::prelude::*;
 use std::thread;
 
-/// Returns a `serialport::SerialPortSettings` corresponding to the default settings of
+/// Returns the `SerialPortSettings` corresponding to the default settings of
-/// an RNB2903. Use this to configure your serial port.
+/// an RNB2903.
 ///
 /// Information obtained from Microchip document 40001811 revision B. Timeout is by
 /// default set to a very long time; this is sometimes modified on the `SerialPort` itself
 /// during certain operations.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// Opening a serial port with slightly modified settings. In this case, the baud rate
+/// has been reduced. 
+///
+/// ```no_run
+/// let settings = serialport::SerialPortSettings {
+///     baud_rate: 9600,
+///     ..rn2903::serial_config()
+/// };
+///
+/// serialport::open_with_settings("/dev/ttyUSB0", &settings)
+///     .expect("Could not open serial port. Error");
+/// ```
 pub fn serial_config() -> SerialPortSettings {
     SerialPortSettings {
         baud_rate: 57600,
@@ -62,7 +89,7 @@ pub fn serial_config() -> SerialPortSettings {
         flow_control: FlowControl::None,
         parity: Parity::None,
         stop_bits: StopBits::One,
-        timeout: Duration::new(1, 0),
+        timeout: Duration::new(65535, 0),
     }
 }
 
@@ -71,30 +98,70 @@ pub fn serial_config() -> SerialPortSettings {
 // wrapper struct's `::new()` function checks the output of the `sys get ver` command,
 // which is well-specified.
 
-// In order to turn the raw bytes into a String for display, this helper function comes
+/// Turn the raw bytes into a String for display.
-// in handy.
+pub fn bytes_to_string(bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
-fn bytes_to_string(bytes: &[u8]) -> String {
     (&*String::from_utf8_lossy(bytes)).into()
 }
 
 /// A handle to a serial link connected to a RN2903 module.
 ///
-/// This library guarantees safety regardless of the state of the RN2903.
+/// This library guarantees safety regardless of the state of the RN2903. Refer to the
+/// documentation for sections and individual associated functions for specifics.
+///
+/// # Examples
+///
+/// Basic functionality can be obtained just by using `::new_at()` and `::transact()`.
+/// For instance, blinking the LoStik's LED:
+///
+/// ```no_run
+/// # use rn2903::Rn2903;
+/// # use std::time::Duration;
+/// # use std::thread;
+/// let mut txvr = Rn2903::new_at("/dev/ttyUSB0")
+///     .expect("Could not open device. Error");
+/// loop {
+///     txvr.transact(b"radio set pindig GPIO10 0").unwrap();
+///     thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(1000));
+///     txvr.transact(b"radio set pindig GPIO10 1").unwrap();
+///     thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(1000));
+/// }
+/// ```
 pub struct Rn2903 {
     port: Box<dyn SerialPort>,
 }
 
+/// # Meta (type) Functions 
+///
+/// These functions deal with the type `Rn2903`, providing ways to create and manipulate
+/// the structure itself. Aside from performing validation of the device on the other side
+/// of the serial link, these functions do not communicate with the module.
+///
+/// ## Creating an `Rn2903`
+/// There are several  ways to create a `Rn2903` wrapper for an RN2903 serial connection.
+/// `::new_at()` is the recommended method, but `::new()` can be useful if the platform
+/// does not support named serial ports, or some extra configuration is needed.
 impl Rn2903 {
-    /// Open a new connection to a module at the given path or port name, with the
+    /// Opens a new connection to a module at the given path or port name, with the
-    /// default settings.
+    /// default (and usually correct) settings from
+    /// [`serial_config`](fn.serial_config.html).
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    /// 
+    /// Connecting to a module accessible over the USB0 TTY.
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// # use rn2903::Rn2903;
+    /// let txvr = Rn2903::new_at("/dev/ttyUSB0")
+    ///     .expect("Could not open device. Error");
+    /// ```
     pub fn new_at<S: AsRef<OsStr>>(port_name: S) -> Result<Self> {
         let sp = serialport::open_with_settings(&port_name, &serial_config())?;
         Self::new(sp)
     }
 
-    /// Open a new connection to a module over the given serial connection.
+    /// Open a new connection to a module over the connection described by the given
+    /// `SerialPort` trait object.
     pub fn new(port: Box<dyn SerialPort>) -> Result<Self> {
-        let mut new = Self { port };
+        let mut new = Self::new_unchecked(port);
         let version = new.system_version()?;
         if &version[0..6] != "RN2903" {
             Err(Error::WrongDevice(version))
@@ -103,30 +170,78 @@ impl Rn2903 {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Query the module for its firmware version information.
+    /// Open a new connection to a module over the connection described by the given
+    /// `SerialPort` trait object without performing a `sys get ver` check.
     ///
-    /// Returns a `String` like `RN2903 1.0.3 Aug  8 2017 15:11:09`
+    /// The results of operations on a `Rn2903` struct that does _not_ represent an
-    pub fn system_version(&mut self) -> Result<String> {
+    /// actual connection to an RN2903 module are completely unpredictable, and may
-        let bytes = self.transact_command(b"sys get ver\x0D\x0A")?;
+    /// result in lots of badness (though not memory unsafety).
-        Ok(bytes_to_string(&bytes))
+    pub fn new_unchecked(port: Box<dyn SerialPort>) -> Self {
+        Self { port }
     }
  
-    /// Write the specified command to the module and get a single line of response.
+    /// Acquires temporary direct access to the captured `SerialPort` trait object.
+    ///
+    /// Use this access to, for example, reconfigure the connection on the fly,
+    /// or set flags that will be used by devices this crate is unaware of.
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    ///
+    /// Raising and then lowering the RTS signal, for example to signal a bus observer
+    /// to switch on.
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// # use rn2903::Rn2903;
+    /// # use std::thread;
+    /// # use std::time::Duration;
+    /// # let mut txvr = Rn2903::new_at("/dev/ttyUSB0")
+    /// #    .expect("Could not open device. Error");
+    /// txvr.port().write_request_to_send(true)
+    ///     .expect("Could not set RTS. Error");
+    /// thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(25));
+    /// txvr.port().write_request_to_send(false)
+    ///     .expect("Could not set RTS. Error");
+    /// ```
+    pub fn port(&mut self) -> &mut dyn SerialPort {
+        &mut *self.port
+    }
+}
+
+/// # Low-level Communications 
+impl Rn2903 {
+    /// Writes the specified command to the module and returns a single line in response.
     ///
     /// This function adds the CRLF to the given command and returns the response without
     /// the CRLF.
-    pub fn transact_command(&mut self, command: &[u8]) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
+    ///
-        use std::io::IoSlice;
+    /// This is the preferred low-level communication method, since the RN2903 is supposed
-        self.port.write_vectored(&[IoSlice::new(command), IoSlice::new(b"\x0D\x0A")])?;
+    /// to respond with a single line to every command.
-        self.port.flush()?;
+    pub fn transact(&mut self, command: &[u8]) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
+        self.send_line(command)?;
         self.read_line()
     }
 
-    /// Read bytes from the device until a CRLF is encountered, then returns the bytes
+    /// Writes the specified command to the module, adding a CRLF and flushing the buffer.
+    ///
+    /// Using [`::transact()`](#method.transact) is preferred.
+    pub fn send_line(&mut self, line: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
+        use std::io::IoSlice;
+        let bytes: Vec<u8> = line.iter().chain(b"\x0D\x0A".iter()).cloned().collect();
+        let mut cursor = 0;
+        while cursor < bytes.len() {
+            cursor += self.port.write(&bytes[cursor..])?;
+        } 
+        self.port.flush()?;
+        thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500));
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Reads bytes from the device until a CRLF is encountered, then returns the bytes
     /// read, not including the CRLF.
+    ///
+    /// Using [`::transact()`](#method.transact) is preferred.
     // This operation waits 12ms between each 32-byte read because the LoStick has
     // the hiccups.
-    fn read_line(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
+    pub fn read_line(&mut self) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
         let mut vec = Vec::with_capacity(32);
         loop {
             let mut buf = [0; 32];
@@ -160,4 +275,16 @@ impl Rn2903 {
 
         Ok(vec)
     }
+
+}
+
+/// # System API Functions
+impl Rn2903 {
+    /// Queries the module for its firmware version information.
+    ///
+    /// Returns a `String` like `RN2903 1.0.3 Aug  8 2017 15:11:09`
+    pub fn system_version(&mut self) -> Result<String> {
+        let bytes = self.transact(b"sys get ver")?;
+        Ok(bytes_to_string(&bytes))
+    } 
 }